In the Iranian legal system, some behaviors that violate patients' rights have been criminalized and punishments have been determined for them. However, it seems that Iran's criminal policy in this regard has shortcomings. There is no precise and comprehensive definition of instances of violating patients' rights in the laws, and many of these behaviors have not been criminalized. The punishments determined for some crimes are also not proportionate to the importance and adverse effects of these crimes and do not have sufficient deterrence. Therefore, Iran's criminal judicial policy in supporting patients' rights is of great importance. The basic question raised and examined in this article is what is Iran's criminal judicial policy in supporting patients' rights? The present article is descriptive-analytical and uses a library method to examine the mentioned question. The findings indicate that Iran's criminal justice policy in protecting patients' rights can be examined in two parts: reactive (punishments) and proactive (prevention). Postponement of sentencing, semi-freedom system, and suspension of sentence are examples of reactive (punishment) criminal justice policy against violations of patients' rights. Informing patients of their rights and monitoring and controlling patients' rights are among the proactive (preventive) criminal justice policies against violations of patients' rights that need to be given more attention. Also, attention to the experiences of the United States in this regard can be helpful.