The right to truth is one of the fundamental concepts in the international criminal justice system and transitional justice processes, focusing on uncovering and revealing the realities of widespread human rights violations and international crimes. This right, in addition to its individual significance for victims, carries broad social and historical dimensions that contribute to preserving collective memory and preventing the recurrence of such crimes. This article aims to elucidate the position and importance of the right to truth in the international criminal justice system through a comparative analysis of the operations of international criminal courts, such as the International Criminal Court (ICC) and the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY), and transitional justice mechanisms like truth commissions in countries such as South Africa, Chile, and Rwanda. The central issue of this research is the assessment of these institutions' capacities to guarantee the right to truth, particularly regarding access to information, victim participation, and the reinforcement of mechanisms for moral reparations. The research employs an analytical-comparative method, utilizing legal resources, truth commission reports, and judgments issued by international courts. The findings of this study indicate that while international criminal courts primarily focus on judicial and punitive aspects, transitional justice mechanisms adopt a more comprehensive approach to truth, justice, and reconciliation, thereby playing a more effective role in realizing the right to truth.