Imprisonment is one of the examples of punishments that has long been recognized in most legal, political, and religious systems. The implementation of imprisonment creates very high costs for governments. Imprisonment has special features such as depriving the convict's family of his presence in the family, getting acquainted with the prison environment during imprisonment, and learning the methods of committing crimes in contact with other prisoners, etc., which has greatly reduced the desire to implement the aforementioned punishment. The purpose of the present study, which was compiled using a descriptive-analytical method and library tools, is to examine the punishment of public service and public benefit as one of the examples of alternative punishments to imprisonment in Iranian and Turkish law. The results of the study show that, in Iranian law, the legal clarity regarding the punishment of public service and public benefit is greater than in Turkish law; in Turkish law, the judge's authority in choosing the type of alternative punishment is much greater than the judge's authority in Iranian law. In a sense, Turkish law, influenced by its accession to the European Union and its desire to comply with the standards of the said Union, has moved towards creating the possibility of converting sentences; while Iranian law has established more standards for the framework of the powers of the judicial authority.